Bioavailability and effectiveness
of vitamin-mineral supplements
ABSTRACT
To replenish insufficient consumption
of micronutrients and optimize the micronutrient status vitamin-mineral
supplement (VMS) are used.
The
purpose of the
review is to identify factors influencing the effectiveness and bioavailability
of vitamins and minerals when taking VMS.
Results. The bioavailability of a micronutrient is the
proportion of it that is not only absorbed in the intestine, but is also used
for physiological functions. When applied to micronutrient fortified foods and
VMS, efficacy is largely equivalent to the bioavailability of the specific
micronutrient contained within it, although ultimately reflects its
bioavailability from the entire diet. The bioavailability of mineral elements
depends on the chemical compound used, vitamins - on the vitamer included in the
VMS, the nature of the carrier used, and the form of the VMS. To optimize the
body's vitamin status by taking VMS containing vitamins in doses corresponding
to 100% of the recommended daily intake, a fairly long period of time (up to
several months) is required. After stopping additional use of VMS, a “wash-out”
of vitamins occurs for one to several weeks, i.e blood concentration decreases
and returns to the original state of deficiency.
Conclusion. Scientifically justified is the constant
intake of VMS, and not individual micronutrients. The decisive factors for the
effectiveness of VMS are the composition, doses of micronutrients approaching
100% of the recommended daily intake, the use of micronutrients with good
bioavailability, and the duration of VMS administration.
KEYWORDS: vitamin-mineral supplement, bioavailability, effectiveness, evaluation criteria.
For citation: Kodentsova V.M., Risnik D.V., Sharafetdinov Kh.Kh. Bioavailability and effectiveness of vitamin-mineral supplements. Trace elemets in medicine. 2024;25(1):3-15. DOI: 10.19112/2413-6174-2024-25-1-3-15