V.N.
Tsigan1, O.L. Boriskina1, A.A. Yakovenko2
1 Military Medical
Academy named after S.M. Kirov MO R,
st. Academician
Lebedeva, 37, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia
2 First Pavlov
St.-Petersburg State Medical University,
st. Lev Tolstoy, 6-8, St. Petersburg, 197022, Russia
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ABSTRACT. Hyponatremia
can lead to deterioration of CNS function and muscle function. Studies indicate
the importance of early recognition and treatment of hyponatremia as a risk
factor for age-related diseases and impaired quality of life in the elderly.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with electrolyte abnormalities and
skeletal muscle pathology, but studies describing the relationship between
hyponatremia and sarcopenia to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of the
development of secondary sarcopenia in CKD and identify possible ways of its
correction are currently insufficient. Aim of study: to investigate the relationship
between hyponatremia and sarcopenia as a pathological condition characterised
by a reduction in skeletal muscle mass and function in patients in patients
receiving chronic haemodialysis for end-stage kidney disease.
In 196 patients diagnosed with ESKD receiving chronic
haemodialysis therapy for more than one-year, routine examination and
monitoring of biochemical parameters including serum sodium level, dynamometry,
4-metre walk test and bioimpedanceometry were performed to determine sarcopenia
according to EWGSOP2 criteria.
Mild hyponatremia was identified in
47 (24%) participants, with more prevalence in women (63.8%) than men (36.2%) (χ2=5.086, p=0.024) and was independent of age p=0.176. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 119 patients (60.7%).
Statistically significant variations in grip strength, appendicular skeletal
muscle mass (ASM), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were
found in relation to sodium levels. Logistic regression analysis was performed
to show that sodium level can be considered as a predictor of sarcopenia in
patients receiving chronic haemodialysis treatment.
KEYWORDS: hyponatremia, sarcopenia,
chronic kidney disease.