V.V. Grabeklis 1,
O.V. Delyukina 2,
S.A. Savko 3
1 Lomonosov Moscow State
University,
st. Leninskiye Gory, 1, building 1,
Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
2 LLC
"ALLMED PLUS",
Beringov proezd, 3, Moscow, 129343, Russian Federation
3 I.M.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University),
Trubetskaya str., d. 8, p. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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ABSTRACT. The gut microbiota is an important
functional component of the gastrointestinal tract. It consists of a variety of
microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi and viruses, which are actively
involved in the digestive process, synthesis of vitamins and amino acids and in
the body's defense against pathogens. The impact of macro- and trace elements
on the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiota is an important
area of research in the field of microbiology and immunology. It has been shown
that certain micronutrients can disrupt the quantitative and qualitative
composition of intestinal commensals, modulating the development of dysbiotic
and dyspeptic disorders, as well as immunologic and metabolic changes in other
body systems. Studies in this area can help to understand the mechanisms of
interaction between trace elements and intestinal microbiota, as well as to
develop new methods of prevention and treatment of diseases associated with
disorders of the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiota.
The aim of this work is to analyze
the literature data regarding the interaction of essential elements (Zn, Se,
Ca, Mg, Fe) and bacterial component of gut microbiota. The materials were
searched in Russian and English in the following scientific reference
databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY. A review of studies
examining the influence of essential elements on the population composition of
obligate intestinal commensals and the role of microbial composition in the
regulation of the assimilation of these metals was carried out. It was shown
that trace elements and macronutrients can be considered as prebiotics to
modulate the gut microbiota, which in turn may also be a useful tool for
maintaining optimal elemental homeostasis.
KEYWORDS: gut
microbiota, trace elements, essential elements, dysbacteriosis, diet.