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Trace Elements in Medicine
International scientific and practical peer-reviewed journal
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DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR EFFECTIVE CORRECTION OF COMBINED MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

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V.M. Kodentsova1, S.N. Leonenko1, O.A. Vrzhesinskaya1, D.V. Risnik2, A.A. Sokolnikov1

1 Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,
Ustyinskiy proezd, 2/14, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; kodentsova@ion.ru

2 Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov,
Leninskiye Gory 1, str. 12, Moscow, 119234, Russian Federation

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ABSTRACT. To correct vitamin D deficiency, it is recommended to take cholecalciferol in doses exceeding the physiological need, not taking into account that the effectiveness may depend on the sufficiency of the organism with other micronutrients, the lack of which is widespread in Russia. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of correction of vitamin D deficiency on the background of adequate and insufficient supply of other micronutrients on the model of combined deficiency of vitamins D, group B and/or calcium and magnesium in rats. A combined deficiency of micronutrients in growing male Wistar rats was induced for 23 days by fivefold reducing the content of vitamins D and group B in the vitamin mixture by and/or by twofold reducing the content of Ca and Mg in the mineral mixture. Correction was carried out within 5 days by replenishment of up to 100% of all missing micronutrients or against the background of a continuing deficiency of B vitamins and/or Ca and Mg. The control group of animals received a diet complete in terms of the content of all micronutrients. Replenishment of group B vitamins in the feed of rats led to an increase in the content of vitamins B1 and B2 in the brain, riboflavin in blood plasma to the level of the control group, while the concentration of these vitamins in the liver and their urinary excretion were not fully restored. Deficiency of Mg and Ca did not affect the correction of deficiency of vitamins of group B. The addition of only vitamin D to the animal feed without correcting the deficiency of B vitamins did not allow restoring the 25(OH)D concentration in the blood plasma to the level of the rats of the control group. Replenishing the content of vitamins D and group B in the diet against the background of a continuing deficiency of macroеlememts also did not lead to a complete restoration of the 25(OH)D concentration. The negative effect of the lack of vitamins of group B, Mg and Ca did not sum up. A system for correcting priority multiple micronutrient deficiencies has been proposed, which consists in the use of vitamin-mineral supplements containing a complete set of vitamins D3 and group B in doses of about 100% of the recommended intake for at least 1 month.

KEYWORDS: combined deficiency of vitamins D, group B, calcium, magnesium, multiple micronutrient deficiency correction system, blood plasma, liver, brain, urine, rats.