V.M. Kodentsova1,
S.N. Leonenko1, O.A. Vrzhesinskaya1, D.V. Risnik2,
A.A. Sokolnikov1
1 Federal Research
Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety,
Ustyinskiy proezd, 2/14, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; kodentsova@ion.ru
2 Moscow State
University M.V. Lomonosov,
Leninskiye Gory 1, str. 12, Moscow, 119234,
Russian Federation
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ABSTRACT. To correct vitamin D deficiency, it is recommended to take
cholecalciferol in doses exceeding the physiological need, not taking into
account that the effectiveness may depend on the sufficiency of the organism
with other micronutrients, the lack of which is widespread in Russia. The
purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of correction of vitamin
D deficiency on the background of adequate and insufficient supply of other
micronutrients on the model of combined deficiency of vitamins D, group B
and/or calcium and magnesium in rats. A combined deficiency of micronutrients
in growing male Wistar rats was induced for 23 days by fivefold reducing the
content of vitamins D and group B in the vitamin mixture by and/or by twofold
reducing the content of Ca and Mg in the mineral mixture. Correction was
carried out within 5 days by replenishment of up to 100% of all missing
micronutrients or against the background of a continuing deficiency of B
vitamins and/or Ca and Mg. The control group of animals received a diet
complete in terms of the content of all micronutrients. Replenishment of group
B vitamins in the feed of rats led to an increase in the content of vitamins B1
and B2 in the brain, riboflavin in blood plasma to the level of the control
group, while the concentration of these vitamins in the liver and their urinary
excretion were not fully restored. Deficiency of Mg and Ca did not affect the
correction of deficiency of vitamins of group B. The addition of only vitamin D
to the animal feed without correcting the deficiency of B vitamins did not
allow restoring the 25(OH)D concentration in the blood plasma to the level of
the rats of the control group. Replenishing the content of vitamins D and group
B in the diet against the background of a continuing deficiency of macroеlememts also did not lead to a complete restoration of
the 25(OH)D concentration. The negative effect of the lack of vitamins of group
B, Mg and Ca did not sum up. A system for correcting priority multiple
micronutrient deficiencies has been proposed, which consists in the use of
vitamin-mineral supplements containing a complete set of vitamins D3
and group B in doses of about 100% of the recommended intake for at least 1
month.
KEYWORDS: combined
deficiency of vitamins D, group B, calcium, magnesium, multiple micronutrient deficiency correction system, blood plasma, liver, brain, urine, rats.