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Trace Elements in Medicine
International scientific and practical peer-reviewed journal
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BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF ANEMIC CONDITIONS CORRECTED WITH COBALT GLYCINATE IN TURKEY POULTS IN EARLY ONTOGENESIS

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T.V. Monstakova, I.I. Kochish, T.A. Sadovskaya, T.O. Azarnova

Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K.I. Skryabin,
st. Academician Scriabin, 23, Russia, Moscow, 109472

ABSTRACT. Presently, the main challenges in turkey breeding are associated with weak resistance of these birds to stress factors, which inevitably leads to excessively intensified free-radical processes and lipid peroxidation causing metabolic disorders and destructive changes in the cells of various tissues and organs. The stated above, as a number of authors report, causes disorders primarily in the structures of erythrocytes due to specific nature of the morphological structure, which determines the development of hemolytic and anemic events. The foregoing is inevitably associated with hypoxia and acidosis that are aggravated by impaired functionality of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin buffers with colloidal protection decreased. In this regard, conditions are created in the body for crystallization and development of, for example, uric acid lithiasis. All of the above disorganizes not only metabolic relationships and the synthesis of macroergs, and reduces antioxidant capabilities of the body, but also natural resistance and immunity, and damages thermoregulatory mechanisms, which inevitably negatively affects the viability and quality of both young birds and adults. In this regard, the research purpose was to study biochemical aspects of anemic conditions corrected with cobalt glycinate in turkey poults in early ontogenesis. The biostimulator we have synthesized made it possible to significantly increase the embryonic viability of the young birds from the test group, which resulted in increased hatching of turkey poults and egg hatchability by 6.86% (p<0.05) and 8.65% (p<0.5), respectively, with malformations and specimens considered “weak” being significantly fewer. High viability was accompanied by a higher quality (superiority on the “Pasgar” and “Optistart” scales was 1.1 and 1.4 scores versus the control) and the live weight of the obtained day-old turkey poults (advantage, 4.2% (p<0.05). The mentioned above was due to the stimulating effect of the metabolite on the antioxidant system with the decreased concentration of main lipid peroxidation products. The change in the lipid peroxidation intensity determined an increase in the concentration of total protein, albumin, and the enzymatic activity of tissue catabolism. The stimulating effect of cobalt glycinate led not only to the preserved integrity of erythrocytes, but also made it possible to ensure the intensity of hemoglobin synthesis at a physiologically appropriate level and allow it to sufficiently implement its functions. Thus, the number of erythrocytes in the blood of the specimens from the test group increased by 11.5% (p<0.01), and the hemoglobin concentration, by 3.2% (p<0.05). Consequently, cobalt glycinate is an effective biostimulator that not only multifacetedly protects structural blood elements, but also ensures the maintenance of the physiologically appropriate intensity of heme synthesis.

KEYWORDS: cobalt glycinate, turkeys, acidosis, erythropoiesis, phospholipases, free-radical oxidation, lactate.