Trace Elements in Medicine (Moscow)
2016, 17(3): 8-13
ORIGINAL PAPER

NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS AT SIDEROPENIC STATES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

E.V. Zhukovskaуa¹ G.P. Pavlova ², A.G. Rumyantsev¹

1 Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela str. 1, Moscow, 117997, Russia
2 Pediatric City Clinic №10 of Moscow Health Departament, Marii Ulyanovoy str. 13, Moscow, 119331, Russia

DOI: 10.19112/2413-6174-2016-17-3-8-13 

ABSTRACT. World literature discusses the influence of sideropenia on the functioning of human and animal body, including the nervous system. The prevalence of iron deficiency among the world's population is 80%. Of these, in 30% cases iron deficiency anemia may develop. In infants, sideropenia incidence reaches 73%; the probability of its transition to latent iron deficiency anemia is very high. The development of sideropenia at an early age reduces production of myelin and formation of g-aminobutyric acid, impairs processes of dopamine metabolism in the striatum of the brain that results in a slowing of motor function and behavioral problems in the child. Thus, studies have shown that compared with healthy children, children with sideropenic states tend to have developmental delays, reduced school performance and behavioral disturbances. It is believed that the widespread iron, iodine deficiencies are monodeficiencies, i.e. are due to lack of a single element. However, more than 200 proteins involved in iron homeostasis cannot function without corresponding cofactors: derivatives of В vitamins, copper, manganese, zinc ions, etc. Macro and trace elements are vital components of the neurotropic system of the brain; they can serve as markers of brain tissue preservation, long before clinical manifestations revealing a rising nonoptimality in the CNS. In this connection, a correction of sideropenic states is expedient to be carried out using preparations containing iron in the form of organic compounds and in combination with other essential chemical elements.

KEYWORDS: sideropenia, trace elements, therapy, iron supplements.