Trace Elements in Medicine (Moscow)
2021, 22(4): 43-49
ORIGINAL PAPERS

ELEMENTAL MARKERS OF THE IMPACT ON THE ORGANISM OF LEAD AND CADMIUM IN THE INDIGENOUS AND INDIGENOUS POPULATION OF THE YAMAL-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT

L.N. Bikbulatova, V.I. Korchin, T.Ya. Korchina

Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy

DOI: 10.19112/2413-6174-2021-22-4-43-49 

ABSTRACT. The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (in the north of the Tyumen region), is part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and is the place of residence of the indigenous (nenets, selkups, khanty, etc.) and non-indigenous (mostly slavic peoples) population. The powerful industry in the Russian Arctic includes the oil and gas complex, gold mining and nonferrous metallurgy. A person is one of the links in the food chain, receiving chemical elements with water and food, which is one of the reasons for the intake of toxic chemical elements, in particular Pb and Cd, into the body as a result of environmental pollution. The aim of this work was to carry out a comparative assessment of the Pb and Cd intoxication of the non-indigenous and aboriginal population of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. 173 adult residents of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug were examined: group 1 – non-indigenous population: 92 people, 40 (43,5%) men and 52 (56,5%) women living in the North for more than 10 years. Group 2: indigenous population: 81 people: 33 (40,7%) men and 48 (59,3%) women (38,3 ± 9,6 years). The content of chemical elements in the hair was determined using the ASP-ICP and MS-ICP methods. It was found that the average values of the content of toxicants in the hair of the adult aboriginal population of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug exceeded those of the non-indigenous population: by Cd – 1,7 times (p = 0,030) in combination with insignificant Pb; indicators of the body's supply with Ca were almost 1.6 times higher in the group of adult newcomers to the North (p < 0,001) compared with similar values in the group of aborigines; the excess of the reference values for both Pb and Cd among adult aborigines of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug was observed more than 2 times more often, regardless of gender differences; in aboriginal men, the ratio of trace elements to their functional antagonists turned out to be significantly better in the group of non-indigenous inhabitants: more than 1.6 times for Pb, and more than 8 times for Cd.

KEYWORDS: northern region, toxic and essential chemical elements, indigenous and non-indigenous population of the North.