Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of mortality in the Russian Federation. Along with classical risk factors, increasing attention is being paid to the role of essential macroelements, in particular magnesium (Mg), a deficiency of which may provoke cardiovascular pathology. The territory of Dagestan is characterized by a mosaic soil cover, which determines the variability of the elemental composition of plants and, consequently, the micronutrient status of the population.
To conduct a comprehensive assessment of magnesium content in soils and plants of six administrative districts of Dagestan and to establish the statistical significance of its relationship with CHD mortality rates in the population.
In six administrative districts (Babayurtovsky, Kizlyarsky, Tarumovsky, Nogaysky, Kizilyurtovsky, Khasavyurtovsky), 20 soil samples (0-20 cm horizon) and 20 samples of dominant plant species were collected from each. The total magnesium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Statistical analysis included normality testing (Shapiro-Wilk test), one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis with 95% confidence interval (CI) and coefficient of determination (R²) calculation.
Statistically significant inter-district differences were established for magnesium content in both soils (F (5, 114)=715.06; p<0.001) and plants (F(5, 114)=1458.6; p<0.001). A strong direct correlation was revealed between Mg content in soil and plants (r=0.98; p<0.001), confirming the trophic transfer of the element. A strong negative correlation was recorded between CHD mortality and Mg content in soil (r=-0.90; p=0.014; R²=0.81; 95% CI: -0.99 ÷ -0.41) and in plants (r=-0.94; p=0.005; R²=0.89; 95% CI: -0.99 ÷ -0.58).
Magnesium deficiency in the trophic chain (soil-plant) is a significant risk factor for mortality associated with coronary heart disease in lowland Dagestan, explaining from 81 to 89% of the variation in the indicator. The territories of Tarumovsky and Babayurt administrative districts are classified as a biogeochemical province endemic to hypomagnesemia, which justifies the need for targeted preventive measures.
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Information about the authors:
Aynaz F. Karayeva – Ph.D. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Endocrinology
E-mail: Dr.inez70@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5973-3650; SPIN: 9123-9103
Aida Sh. Aselderova – Ph.D. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation
E-mail: aselderova61@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0009‑0008‑7334‑6965; SPIN: 9015-6826
Diana Z. Alieva – Ph.D. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine No. 1
E-mail: diana.alieva.67@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-1178; SPIN: 8124-4176
Zuleykhat G. Gadzhieva – Ph.D. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Hospital Therapy No. 1
E-mail: z_gadghieva@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6758-791X; SPIN: 6220-5331
Subaybat O. Abdulkadyrova – Ph.D. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine No. 1
E-mail: dgma@list.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-1766; SPIN: 6088-5253
Andrei R. Grabeklis – Ph.D. (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory of Medical Elementology and Human Ecology
at the Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Medical Elementology at the Medical Institute
E-mail: andrewgrabeklis@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4017-4139; SPIN: 9227-5941
Magomedpazil A. Yakhiyaev – Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Desertification and Biogeochemistry
E-mail: pazil59@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-6784; SPIN: 5284-4982
Shamil K. Salikhov – Research Fellow of the Laboratory of Desertification and Biogeochemistry
E-mail: salichov72@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5531-3045; SPIN: 5472-2274
Ilmutdin M. Abdulagatov – Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor of the Department of Physical and Organic Chemistry
E-mail: ilmutdina@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6299-5280; SPIN: 2107-7874
Rasul Sh. Salikhov – 3rd-year Student, Faculty of Information Technology and Engineering
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no obvious and potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article
